Australia cabotage
Coastal Trading (Revitalising Australian Shipping) Act 2012
- Citizenship requirement
- General Licence: Australian-flag + Australian-crewed. Temporary Licence: foreign-flag permitted with prior notice
- Vessel flag required
- General Licence Australian; Temporary Licence any flag
- Officer quota
- Australian-crewed on General Licence; foreign officers permitted on Temporary Licence subject to visa + working-condition safeguards
- Wage effect
- Australian-flag seafarer wages significantly above international; MUA CBAs govern General Licence trades
Notes
The Temporary Licence loophole is politically contentious — MUA argues it undermines Australian seafarer employment. 2023 Review recommended tightening; changes pending.