Strain gauges + accelerometers + decision-support software to warn when hull-girder loads approach class limits.
Regulatory detail & full definition
Class-notation system using strain gauges at the strength deck and bottom plating, accelerometers at the bow, and a real-time decision-support display on the bridge. The system warns the master when still-water plus wave-induced hull-girder bending or torsion approaches the limits in the loading manual, when bow slams reach a defined energy threshold, or when cumulative cyclic stress signals fatigue accumulation. IACS UR S11A defines the functional requirements; class-society HSMS notations (ABS HM, DNV HMON, LR ShipRight FDA-Plus) assign the equivalent class signs.
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