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Abbreviation: ULCV
Container ships >= 14,500 TEU — too large for the new Panama locks; restricted to Asia-Europe and Asia-East-coast-US-via-Suez routes.
Large container ships restricted to a small number of deep-sea hub ports (Rotterdam, Algeciras, Singapore, Yangshan). Pilot, tug, and terminal coordination is significant.
Source: Industry usage; Alphaliner cellular fleet monthly
Editorial confidence: how we grade.