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Dredgers move sea-floor material for navigation channels, port expansion, coastal reclamation, and offshore oil-and-gas installation site prep. TSHD (Trailing Suction Hopper Dredger): self-loading via trailing suction pipe + hopper storage + bottom-dump discharge. CSD (Cutter Suction Dredger): cutter head on ladder + pipeline discharge, typically for compacted material. Backhoe: excavator on pontoon. Owners: Boskalis, Van Oord, DEME, Jan De Nul, Hyundai, CCCC. Officer roles include Master + Chief Dredge Master + Chief Engineer + specialists.