Being stuck in port — unable to sign off, unable to leave the vessel, unable to fly home — is a crisis. It is often the visible end-stage of a wages, abandonment, contract, or visa problem. Stay calm, stay onboard if conditions are safe enough, and start collecting evidence while you raise the alarm through ISWAN, the ITF, the flag state, and your home country's embassy. You are not on your own.
MLC 2006 Title 2 (Conditions of employment), Regulation 2.5 (Repatriation), Standard A2.5.2 (Financial security for abandonment). MLC Title 5 (Compliance and enforcement) — onshore + onboard complaint procedures. Flag-state obligations under MLC 5.1. Port-state-control obligations under MLC 5.2 + IMO MoUs.
Disclaimer. General information only — not legal advice. The right escalation depends on the underlying cause. Contact ISWAN and the ITF inspector first; they can map your situation onto the right route.